Against the backdrop of US-China competition, countries are making concrete progress in economic security policy. Above all, countries are focused on promoting and protecting advanced technologies to gain strategic superiority, restructuring their supply chains and undertaking other efforts to make their economies secure. International cooperation in these efforts has grown, with concrete measures announced at the G7 Hiroshima Summit, the Japan-US-ROK Summit, and other venues. In addition, the emerging and developing countries of the so-called Global South have stepped up their presence in the midst of supply chain restructuring and other changes, increasing uncertainty about the future of the international economic order.